She had her super-strength from permanently absorbing Carol, but in stories set before Avengers Annual #10 she doesn't have them. This applies e.g. to her two backup stories in Classic X-Men and in the stories in Marvel Super-Heroes Special (which would have appeared in the late 1970s had Ms. Marvel vol. 1 not been cancelled).

Rogue came back from the Siege Perilous without Carol's powers as the persona and powers Rogue had absorbed from Ms. Marvel were reincarnated separately (it's a long story), but following the death of that Carol revenant (UXM #269) the powers, but apparently not the personality, returned in UXM #275. Then, towards the end of X-Treme X-Men Rogue lost all her powers. Later on she regained her absorption power, but not Carol's powers. For a time she had Sunfire's powers, but she mostly used whatever powers she could absorb. Since Uncanny Avengers vol. 1 #5 she finds herself in permanent possession of Wonder Man's powers.